Wie Linux auf eine Raid Array installieren? Geht das überhaupt?

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Marco Kister

Wie Linux auf eine Raid Array installieren? Geht das überhaupt?

#1 Post by Marco Kister »

Hallo zusammen,

ich habe ein Problem,

ich habe mir heute einen "Linux" Rechner zusammengebaut:

MSI KT3 Ultra 2R
2 x 120GB IBM IC35... als Raid (Mirror Array)

Dann habe ich von Mandrake Installation CD gebootet und die Installation ohne Probleme abgeschlossen.

Nach dem Neustart der Installation fährt das System aber nicht hoch???!!!

Warum nicht

Kann mir jemmand helfen bzw. Tipps geben

Andreas

Re: Wie Linux auf eine Raid Array installieren? Geht das überhaupt?

#2 Post by Andreas »

Es sollte gehen, auch wenn es nicht ganz einfach ist. Ich habe eine Promise Fasttrak TX2000 RAID-Controller und nach genauem lesen der Anleitung zum Treiber hat es sehr gut unter Suse7.3 funktioniert. Suse will den Treiber schon vor der Installation habe (Windows NT/2k will solche Treiber ja auch vorher). Das einzige Problem was ich hatte war das Suse ihn nach der Installation nochmal haben wollte und dann erst richtig den Treiber Installiert hat. Vielleicht hilft dir das hier weiter:


7. Installing on an existing Linux system
This section explains how to install Linux Native ATA RAID on non-OS disks you may have on a
running Linux machine. Non-OS disks are those which do not contain any Linux OS partitions such
as /, /usr, /var, /boot. In other words, we have a working Linux machine with two free disks and
we want to setup ATA RAID mirror (raid 1) on those two disks. When we save important data on
such a mirror device, our data is protected. Ofcourse, like any other RAID 1, we will experience
improved read speeds while reading the data and slightly decreased write speeds while modifying or
adding new data to the mirror device. Therefore, using RAID 1 for data disks is recommended if the
data disk is more frequently read than written to. A web server hosting rarely changing web sites is a
good example where web content is rarely modified but very frequently accessed by users.
Here are the steps to install non-OS ATA RAID if your RAID chip is from Promise Technology:
l Find out IO address numbers and IRQ number(s) for your Promise RAID chip/card.
l Edit /etc/lilo.conf and insert appropriate Append Line
l Enable ataraid support either by automatically loading ataraid module when your Linux
machine starts up or by statically building ataraid support into your kernel
7.1. Append Line
For the purpose of understanding various tasks involving Promise FastTrak RAID such as upgrading
or troubleshooting, we introduce a noun: Append Line
All the ide options you pass at the LILO boot: prompt at the time of booting, when put together as
a string, make up the Append Line. All the ide options in double quotes after append= keyword
in /etc/lilo.conf also make up the Append Line.
For example, if you type
linux-new ide2=0x0001,0x0009,9 ide3=0x2000,0x2009,10 ide4=none nousb expert
root=/dev/hda3
at boot: prompt at the time of booting your Linux computer, then Append Line is the string
ide2=0x0001,0x0009,9 ide3=0x2000,0x2009,10 ide4=none.
Similarly, if your /etc/lilo.conf has the following section, your Append Line is
ide2=0x9400,0x9002 ide3=0x8800,0x8402.
Linux ATA RAID HOWTO
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image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.4.9-10
label=linuxold
read-only
root=/dev/hde9
append="nousb ide2=0x9400,0x9002 ide3=0x8800,0x8402"
Seite 1 von 4 Installing on an existing Linux system
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When we experience problems booting a Linux machine with RAID, we may have to use an
appropriate Append Line. Therefore, it is important to determine and write down the Append Line.
This will help you fix your problems later or upgrade your kernel smoothly or add/remove additional
hard disks.
7.2. Determining the Append Line
To determine the correct Append Line, we should first know how all our ide devices are connected.
IDE devices can be hard disks, ATAPI CDROM(s) etc. Once we determine the Append Line, we can
append it to the boot: options (at the time of booting) or we can alternatively assign it as a string
value to the append paramater in /etc/lilo.conf. Unless you love to remember complicated boot:
options and type them at boot time every time, you should choose the second method, i.e., insert it
into /etc/lilo.conf . You can do so by inserting append="Your Append Line Here", saving file
and then activating new /etc/lilo.conf by running the command /sbin/lilo.
For the purpose of understanding better, lets say that your ide devices are as follows:
l ide0: hda , hdb (hard disks)
l ide1: hdc , hdd (hard disks or other ide devices like CDROM)
l ide2: hde (first free disk)
l ide3: hdg (second free disk)
The two free disks above (hde and hdg) are the ones we would like to setup as RAID 1 to
create /dev/ataraid/d0 raid device. Note that we do not have hdf or hdh because that is how we
used the IDE/RAID ports on Promise chip. It is not a good idea to connect two hard disks to the
same Promise controller IDE port. In the above example, we used Primary Master and Secondary
Master connections on the Promise Technology card.
If you do not know how various ide devices are connected in your computer, take a look
at /proc/devices and /proc/ide/*. You can also carefully go through boot log
file, /var/log/bootlog (or type dmesg | more right after your Linux system boots) to find your ide
devices. Now type less /proc/pci and locate appropriate information about Promise Technology. In
the output of less /proc/pci, you can see somewhere information about your Promise chip, something
like:
From this output, we learn that our Promise Technology card uses IRQ 10 for both ide ports (ide2
and ide3). Using same IRQ is perfectly alright as long as your kernel supports PCI IRQ Sharing. By
initrd="initrd.img"
Bus 0, device 17, function 0:
Unknown mass storage controller: Promise Technology Unknown device (rev 2).
Vendor id=105a. Device id=d30.
Medium devsel. IRQ 10. Master Capable. Latency=32.
I/O at 0x9400 [0x9401].
I/O at 0x9000 [0x9001].
I/O at 0x8800 [0x8801].
I/O at 0x8400 [0x8401].
I/O at 0x8000 [0x8001].
Non-prefetchable 32 bit memory at 0xd5800000 [0xd5800000].
Seite 2 von 4 Installing on an existing Linux system
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default, our Linux kernel is configured to support PCI IRQ sharing. From the above output, we also
learn that our Promise Technology card uses various IO addresses. For the purpose of identifying
Promise Technology disks properly at boot time, we only want the IRQ number(s) and the first four
IO Address numbers outside [ ]. Write down on a piece of paper this information. In this case, from
the above output:
Now, we have to evaluate the following to obtain the correct Append Line. Then either specify this
Append Line at boot time or specify it in lilo configuration file.
In our example, the above Append Line will become:
ide2=0x9400,0x9002,10 ide3=0x8800,0x8402,10
If, for example, we want to boot kernel version 2.4.19, labelled linux according
to /etc/lilo.conf, then we specify our Append Line in one of the following two methods:
1. At boot time
If you choose this method, you should manually type the Append Line after the kernel label
linux everytime you boot your Linux machine.
2. In /etc/lilo.conf
If you choose this method, you have to run lilo once to activate changes by typing /sbin/lilo.
And you do not have to type anything extra at boot time.
7.3. Setting Up RAID 1
If you want to setup RAID 1 using Promise Technology proprietary driver (ft.o), you can download
Promise Driver (ft.o) into /lib/modules/kernel-version and load the module by typing
modprobe -k ft. You should then be able to access your new raid device as /dev/sdc or something
like that. But if it does not work, then determine your Append Line and add it to /etc/lilo.conf. If
you are setting up RAID on an existing Linux system and are using either Promise Technology ft
driver or Linux native ataraid driver, then use of Append Line in /etc/lilo.conf is strongly
recommended. Once you reboot with your new /etc/lilo.conf that contains Append Line, you can
load either driver (ft.o from Promise Technology or ataraid.o, the Linux Native RAID module)
to enable RAID except when your kernel has built-in ataraid support in which case you do not have
to load ataraid module.
IRQ1 = 10
IRQ2 = 10
IO1 = 0x9400
IO2 = 0x9000
IO3 = 0x8800
IO4 = 0x8400
ideX=IO1,IO2+0x0002,IRQ1 ideY=IO3,IO4+0x0002,IRQ2
where ideX and ideY are the two IDE ports of Promise card our free disks are using.
boot: linux ide2=0x9400,0x9002,10 ide3=0x8800,0x8402,10
image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.2.19
label=linux
read-only
root=/dev/ataraid/d0p12
append="ide2=0x9400,0x9002,10 ide3=0x8800,0x8402,10"
Seite 3 von 4 Installing on an existing Linux system
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As Linux Native RAID is recommended, let us discuss that in detail. To setup Linux Native RAID
on an existing Linux machine, insert Append Line into /etc/lilo.conf as explained above. Now,
activate changes by typing /sbin/lilo. Then reboot your computer. After your computers reboots, load
ataraid module manually if your kernel does not have ataraid built-in support or ataraid.o module
failed to load for some reason. If you compiled your kernel with static ataraid support (ataraid not as
module), then you can start formatting and using your mirror disk /dev/ataraid/d0 right away.
But if you compile ataraid as a seperate module, then type lsmod and see ataraid is listed. If not,
manually load it by typing modprobe -k ataraid. If you dont see any errors, then you can start using
your mirror disk /dev/ataraid/d0 right away. Format it, mount it and use it just like you normally
do.
The fact that you can use /dev/ataraid/d0 implies that you are successful in your mission. Please
do not access /dev/hde, /dev/hdg or any of their partitions directly, although Linux will let you do
that. Once you make a mirror device from two disks, you should always access the mirror device and
not the disks directly.
Prev Home Next
Installing Native Linux RAID Upgrading Kernel
Seite 4 von 4 Installing on an existing Linux system
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No98

Re: Wie Linux auf eine Raid Array installieren? Geht das überhaupt?

#3 Post by No98 »

WIe hast du den Raid von Promise installiert ?? Hast du duch an die installation von SuSE gehalöten oder an die von Promise ??

Ich bekomme den Controller nicht mal installiert !!! Ich benutze allerdings SuSE 8.1 PRO !!!

Gruß

No98

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